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Layoffs and 鈥渟urvivor guilt鈥 Workers who survive a layoff of other employees at their location may suffer from 鈥渟urvivor guilt.鈥 A study of survivor guilt and its effects used as subjects 120students who were offered an opportunity to earn extra course credit by doing proofreading. Each subject worked in the same cubicle as another student, who was an accomplice of the experimenters. At a break midway through the work, one of three things happened:

Treatment 1: The accomplice was told to leave; it was explained that this was because she performed poorly.

Treatment 2: It was explained that unforeseen circumstances meant there was only enough work for one person. By 鈥渃hance,鈥 the accomplice was chosen to be laid off.

Treatment 3: Both students continued to work after the break. The subjects鈥 work performance after the break was compared with their performance before the break. Overall, subjects worked harder when told the other student鈥檚 dismissal was random.

Describe how you would randomly assign the subjects to the treatments

a. using slips of paper.

b. using technology.

c. using Table D.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part(a) Write all the numbers seperately by using slips of paper.

Part(b) We can assign three treatments to different volunteers at random using technology.

Part(c) Give each pupil a different number by using Table D.

Step by step solution

01

Part(a) Step 1 : Given information

We need to randomly assign the subjects to the treatments using slips of paper.

02

Part(a) Step 2 : Simplify

Write the digits 1,2,3on separate pieces of paper.
Arrange the sheets on a table, numbers facing down.
Mix the sheets together until you can't tell which number belongs where on the table.
Choose one of the slips of paper and apply the treatment that corresponds to the number to the subject.
Continue until all of the subjects have been given a therapy.

03

Part(b) Step 1 : Given information

We need to randomly assign the subjects to the treatments using technology.

04

Part(b) Step 2 : Simplify

The researchers investigated the effects of survivor guilt on employees when their coworkers are laid off from the company in this study.
As a result, it is assumed that there are 120 students.
Give each pupil a different number between 1and 120.
Using technology, we must randomly allocate the participants to the treatment.
This can be accomplished in the following ways:
To do so, create 40random numbers ranging from 1to 120in Excel and assign them to treatment 1.
Use the =RANDBETWEEN (1,120) function.
Ignore the recurrences.
Select 40(unique) students for treatment 2in the same way (who were not in the group for treatment 1 ).
Treatment 3will be given to the remaining 40 kids.


05

Part(c) Step 1 : Given information

We need to randomly assign the subjects to the treatments using Table D.

06

Part(c) Step 2 : Simplify

As a result, it is assumed that there are 120 students.
Give each pupil a different number between 1 and 120.
Using Table D, we must assign the participants to the treatment at random.
This can be accomplished in the following ways:
To begin, select a row from table D.
Choose a three-digit number as the first.
If the number is between 001and 120, choose the student from treatment 1; otherwise, move on to the next three-digit number.
For treatment 1, 40 (unique) pupils from the repeat unit have been chosen.
Select 40(unique) students for treatment 2(who were not in the treatment 1group). The remaining 40students will be assigned to treatment 3.


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