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The blood pressure values are provided.

The size of the sample is 9.

a.

Let x represents the blood pressure values.

The reported blood pressure values are computed by rounding off the actual blood pressure values.

The data for the reported blood are,

To compute the median, first, arrange the data in ascending order,

For the odd number of observations, the median value is computed as,

\(\begin{aligned}\tilde x &= {\left( {\frac{{n + 1}}{2}} \right)^{th}}ordered\;value\\ &= {\left( {\frac{{9 + 1}}{2}} \right)^{th}}ordered\;value\\ &= {\left( 5 \right)^{th}}ordered\;value\end{aligned}\)

Thus, the median value of x is 125 mmHg.

b.

It is given that the blood pressure of the second individual is 127.6 rather than 127.4.

The reported blood pressure values are computed by rounding off the actual blood pressure values.

The data for the reported blood are,

To compute the median, first arrange the data in ascending order,

For the odd number of observations, the median value is computed as,

\(\begin{aligned}\tilde x &= {\left( {\frac{{n + 1}}{2}} \right)^{th}}ordered\;value\\ &= {\left( {\frac{{9 + 1}}{2}} \right)^{th}}ordered\;value\\ &= {\left( 5 \right)^{th}}ordered\;value\end{aligned}\)

Thus, the median value of x is 130 mmHg.

Therefore, the median value increased by 5. Also, the median value is highly sensitive to rounding or grouping in the data.