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Question:Why are inventories valued at the lower-of-cost-or-net realizable value (LCNRV)? What are the arguments against the use of the LCNRV method of valuing inventories?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The loss related to the decline in the utility of the inventories should be charged against the revenue for the period, not in the year of sale of inventories.

The arguments are:

  • Allocation of the purchase price on the basis of sales value, to the individual items.
  • Purchase commitments accounting

Step by step solution

01

Step-by-step-solutionStep1:

The value of the inventories gets reduced due to obsolescence or deterioration, in this situation inventories cannot be reported at the cost, hence it is important to record the loss related to inventory value reduction in the year which it is incurred.

02

Step 2:

In case multiple units are purchased at a single lump-sum price, then the business allocates uses the sales value basis to allocate the total purchase cost of the inventories.

There is another argument, which is related to accounting for purchase commitments. Some may believe that assets and liabilities should be recorded when the contract is signed, and some other groups may believe that delivery date should be considered to record the assets and liabilities.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

(LCNRV—Error Effect) LaGreca Company uses the LCNRV method, on an individual-item basis, in pricing its inventory items. The inventory at December 31, 2017, included product X. Relevant per-unit data for product X are as follows. Estimated selling price \(50 Cost 40 Estimated selling costs 14 Normal profi t 9 There were 1,000 units of product X on hand at December 31, 2017. Product X was incorrectly valued at \)38 per unit for reporting purposes. All 1,000 units were sold in 2018. Instructions Compute the effect of this error on net income for 2017 and the effect on net income for 2018, and indicate the direction of the misstatement for each year.

Question:The conventional retail inventory method yields results that are essentially the same as those yielded by the lower-of-cost-or-market method. Explain. Prepare an illustration of how the retail inventory method reduces inventory to market.

Maddox Specialty Company, a division of Lost World Inc., manufactures three models of gear shift components for bicycles that are sold to bicycle manufacturers, retailers, and catalog outlets. Since beginning operations in 1993, Maddox has used normal absorption costing and has assumed a first-in, first-out cost flow in its perpetual inventory system. The balances of the inventory accounts at the end of Maddox’s fiscal year, November 30, 2017, are shown below. The inventories are stated at cost before any year-end adjustments. Finished goods \(647,000 Work in process 112,500 Raw materials 264,000 Factory supplies 69,000 The following information relates to Maddox’s inventory and operations. 1. The finished goods inventory consists of the items analyzed below. Cost NRV Down tube shifter Standard model \) 67,500 \( 67,000 Click adjustment model 94,500 89,000 Deluxe model 108,000 110,000 Total down tube shifters 270,000 266,000 Bar end shifter Standard model 83,000 90,050 Click adjustment model 99,000 97,550 Total bar end shifters 182,000 187,600 Head tube shifter Standard model 78,000 77,650 Click adjustment model 117,000 119,300 Total head tube shifters 195,000 196,950 Total fi nished goods \)647,000 \(650,550 2. One-half of the head tube shifter finished goods inventory is held by catalog outlets on consignment. 3. Three-quarters of the bar end shifter finished goods inventory has been pledged as collateral for a bank loan. 4. One-half of the raw materials balance represents derailleurs acquired at a contracted price 20% above the current market price. The NRV of the rest of the raw materials is \)127,400. 5. The total NRV of the work in process inventory is \(108,700. 6. Included in the cost of factory supplies are obsolete items with an historical cost of \)4,200. The market value of the remaining factory supplies is $65,900. 7. Maddox applies the LCNRV method to each of the three types of shifters in finished goods inventory. For each of the other three inventory accounts, Maddox applies the LCNRV method to the total of each inventory account. 8. Consider all amounts presented above to be material in relation to Maddox’s financial statements taken as a whole. Instructions (a) Prepare the inventory section of Maddox’s balance sheet as of November 30, 2017, including any required note(s). (b) Without prejudice to your answer to (a), assume that the NRV of Maddox’s inventories is less than cost. Explain how this decline would be presented in Maddox’s income statement for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2017. (c) Assume that Maddox has a firm purchase commitment for the same type of derailleur included in the raw materials inventory as of November 30, 2017, and that the purchase commitment is at a contracted price 15% greater than the current market price. These derailleurs are to be delivered to Maddox after November 30, 2017. Discuss the impact, if any, that this purchase commitment would have on Maddox’s financial statements prepared for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2017.

Presented below is information related to Knight Enterprises. Jan. 31 Feb. 28 Mar. 31 Apr. 30 Inventory at cost \(15,000 \)15,100 \(17,000 \)14,000 Inventory at LCNRV 14,500 12,600 15,600 13,300 Purchases for the month 17,000 24,000 26,500 Sales for the month 29,000 35,000 40,000 Instructions (a) From the information, prepare (as far as the data permit) monthly income statements in columnar form for February, March, and April. The inventory is to be shown in the statement at cost; the gain or loss due to market fluctuations is to be shown separately (using a valuation account). (b) Prepare the journal entry required to establish the valuation account at January 31 and entries to adjust it monthly thereafter. E9-6 (L01) (LCNR

During 2017, Pretenders Furniture Company purchases a carload of wicker chairs. The manufacturer sells the chairs to Pretenders for a lump sum of \(59,850 because it is discontinuing manufacturing operations and wishes to dispose of its entire stock. Three types of chairs are included in the carload. The three types and the estimated selling price for each are listed below. Type No. of Chairs Estimated Selling Price Each Lounge chairs 400 \)90 Armchairs 300 80 Straight chairs 700 50 During 2017, Pretenders sells 200 lounge chairs, 100 armchairs, and 120 straight chairs. Instructions What is the amount of gross profit realized during 2017? What is the amount of inventory of unsold straight chairs on December 31, 2017?

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